Journal: Animals : an Open Access Journal from MDPI
Article Title: Effects of Feeding High-Moisture Corn on Meat Performance, Meat Quality, Muscle Metabolism, and Gut Microbiota in Kazakh Rams
doi: 10.3390/ani16091387
Figure Lengend Snippet: Principal component analysis diagram between the two groups. ( a ) Three-dimensional PCA score plot. PC1, PC2, and PC3 represent the first three principal components, explaining 28.6%, 23.9%, and 14.8% of the total variance, respectively. Each sphere represents an individual muscle sample; red spheres = GS group ( n = 8), blue spheres = CT group ( n = 4). The spatial separation between groups indicates distinct metabolic profiles; ( b ) Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) score plot of muscle metabolomics data between GS group and CT group. The horizontal axis (t ) represents the predictive principal component (explaining 17.7% of variance), capturing the maximum separation between groups. The vertical axis (to ) represents the orthogonal principal component (explaining 21.7% of variance), capturing within-group variation. GS samples (red) cluster at approximately (0.8, –0.2), and CT samples (blue) cluster at approximately (–0.8, 0.2). Model quality parameters: R 2 Y = 0.963, Q 2 = 0.706.; ( c ) The OPLS-DA model, validation plot displays the horizontal axis representing model accuracy and the vertical axis showing the frequency of classification outcomes. Specifically, this model conducted 200 randomized permutation experiments on datasets. When Q2’s p -value reaches 0.01, it indicates that 4 randomized grouping models outperformed the OPLS-DA model in this permutation test. If R2Y’s p -value equals 0.545, it suggests that 109 randomized grouping models demonstrated higher explanatory power for the Y matrix compared to the OPLS-DA model. Generally, models with p -values below 0.05 are considered optimal.
Article Snippet: For metabolomic profiling, 100 mg of longissimus muscle tissue was combined with 400 μL of methanol (A452-4, Fisher Chemical, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA), vortex-mixed for 1 min, and subjected to five cycles of ultrasonication in an ice-water bath (1 min each, with 1 min intervals).
Techniques: Biomarker Discovery